THE COAL MARKET
CLUSTER ANALYSIS OF GLOBAL COAL PRODUCTION: TEN-YEAR DYNAMICS
Abstract
The paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the dynamics of coal production in the world for the period from 2013 to 2023. The study is based on the application of cluster analysis using the K-means method and Dunn's method to determine the optimal number of clusters. A detailed analysis of coal production in the key 32 producing countries of the world has been carried out. Trends in coal production are visualized and the grouping of countries by coal production level for the specified period is presented. The results of the study demonstrate significant changes in the global coal production landscape, including consolidation of countries into clusters and transformation of energy strategies. Special attention is paid to analyzing the impact of global economic factors, including the COVID-19 pandemic, on coal production dynamics. The study reveals trends in the development of the coal industry and provides directions for understanding the prospects of the energy sector in the context of global economic and environmental challenges.
Keywords
Coal industry, cluster analysis, coal production, decarbonization, energy security, China, Russia, international energy market, coal producing countries.
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For citation
Kurilova A.A. Cluster analysis of global coal production: ten-year dynamics. Ugol'. 2025;(8):88-93. (In Russ.). DOI: 10.18796/0041-5790-2025-8-88-93.
Paper Info
- Received: June 30, 2025
- Reviewed: July 17, 2025
- Accepted: July 27, 2025
